The initial promise of peaking Indonesia’s power sector emissions by 2030 at no more than 290 million tons of carbon dioxide, about 20% below a baseline level for the year, looks out of the question. An alternate scenario laid out in the draft plan would raise the target maximum to 395 MT of CO2, to account for the construction of new captive plants to serve growing industrial power needs.

Officials have said they are aiming to have a revised—perhaps final—investment plan before COP28 begins in Dubai at the end of November, taking on public feedback. But to do that, they will need to come to agreement on at least three major, interrelated issues: the money, the emissions target and the mechanics of the coal phaseout, including changes to Indonesian laws and policies that hold back wider green progress.

And

But there may not yet be enough in either bucket. There is just $289 million in grants, with half earmarked for technical assistance—funding for experts, consultants and advisors to model and support the energy transition. Almost all of the rest is loans, at interest rates to be determined later.

Eoin Treacy's view

Talk is cheap. This is not the first time we have seen photo ops for politicians, and headline- grabbing promises of large capital infusions, only for reality to intercede a couple of years later. There is no getting around the fact that coal is cheap, available, and easy. Every other alternative is either more expensive, intermittent, or imported.

Developing countries have no time for handwringing. They have large young populations demanding improved living standards now. Moreover, European, and North American consumers are in no mood to write cheques, when their own living standards are declining and public services are under pressure.